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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">safetyrisk</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Безопасность и риск фармакотерапии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Safety and Risk of Pharmacotherapy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2312-7821</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-1164</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal State Budgetary Institution ‘Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products’ of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (FSBI ‘SCEEMP’)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30895/2312-7821-2021-9-4-191-199</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">safetyrisk-250</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Опыт применения противовирусных средств при лечении новой коронавирусной инфекции (COVID-19) в Кыргызстане</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Experience in Using Antiviral Agents for the Treatment of Novel Coronavirus Infection (COVID-19) in Kyrgyzstan</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7093-981X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зурдинова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zurdinova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зурдинова Аида Аширалиевна, д-р мед. наук, доцент; SPIN-код: 2771-3782</p><p>ул. Киевская, д. 44, Бишкек, 720021, Кыргызская Республика</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aida A. Zurdinova, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Assistant Professor</p><p>44 Kievskaya St., Bishkek 720021, Kyrgyz Republic</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aidazur@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2611-6426</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кутманова</surname><given-names>А. З.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kutmanova</surname><given-names>A. Z.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кутманова Айнура Зарылбековна, д-р мед. наук, профессор</p><p>ул. Льва Толстого, д. 114/1, Бишкек, 720007, Кыргызская Республика</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ainura Z. Kutmanova, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor</p><p>114/1 Lev Tolstoy St., Bishkek 720007, Kyrgyz Republic</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">infectious@ism.edu.kg</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования Кыргызско-Российский Славянский Университет имени первого Президента Российской Федерации Б. Н. Ельцина</institution><country>Кыргызстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kyrgyz-Russian Slavic University named after the First President of the Russian Federation B. N. Yeltsin</institution><country>Kyrgyzstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Международная высшая школа медицины</institution><country>Кыргызстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>International Higher School of Medicine</institution><country>Kyrgyzstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>12</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>9</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>191</fpage><lpage>199</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Зурдинова А.А., Кутманова А.З., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Зурдинова А.А., Кутманова А.З.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zurdinova A.A., Kutmanova A.Z.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.risksafety.ru/jour/article/view/250">https://www.risksafety.ru/jour/article/view/250</self-uri><abstract><p>Национальные клинические руководства по лечению новой коронавирусной инфекции (COVID-19) являются основным источником информации и ориентиром для принятия клинического решения сотрудниками системы здравоохранения Кыргызской Республики. Рекомендации, представленные в этих документах, во многом основаны на данных реальной клинической практики, но эффективность и безопасность применения ряда противовирусных средств, показания к применению которых были расширены для дополнения терапии COVID-19, остается неясной.</p><sec><title>Цель работы</title><p>Цель работы: проведение ретроспективного фармакоэпидемиологического анализа применения препарата лопинавир+ритонавир в стационарах в Кыргызской Республике при лечении COVID-19 в период март–апрель 2020 г.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы: проведено ретроспективное исследование 145 медицинских карт стационарного больного пациентов с подтвержденным диагнозом COVID-19, госпитализированных в инфекционные отделения и инфекционные больницы страны. Статистическая обработка выполнена с помощью программы Microsoft Excel 2017.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты: в период с 16 марта по 25 апреля 2020 г. лопинавир+ритонавир был назначен 145 пациентам в дозе 200 мг + 50 мг по 2 таблетки 2 раза/сут, что соответствовало рекомендованной в национальном руководстве схеме применения. Длительность фармакотерапии согласно национальному руководству составляла 10 сут, при этом реальная продолжительность курса составила 1–12 сут, в среднем — 5,5 сут, и зависела от переносимости препарата. Применение препарата сопровождалось развитием нежелательных реакций (НР) у 78 пациентов (53,8% случаев), что у 73 из них (94,8% случаев) привело к ухудшению общего состояния и вызвало необходимость отмены препарата. Наиболее частыми проявлениями НР были тошнота, рвота, диарея, снижение аппетита, желтушность кожи, по данным лабораторных исследований — повышение в сыворотке крови уровней билирубина, креатинина, глюкозы, активности аспартатаминотрансферазы и амилазы. Проведенная ретроспективная оценка степени достоверности причинно-следственной связи по шкале Наранжо показала определенную связь между применением препарата лопинавир+ритонавир и развитием НР.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы: применение препарата лопинавир+ритонавир при лечении пациентов с COVID-19 приводило к ухудшению их общего состояния, в ряде случаев — до тяжелой степени. Полученные данные свидетельствуют о том, что лечение этим препаратом при COVID-19 клинически не обосновано и нерационально. При последующих пересмотрах клинических руководств по диагностике и лечению COVID-19 в Кыргызской Республике рекомендации по применению препарата лопинавир+ритонавир были исключены.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The national clinical guidelines for the treatment of novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) are the main source of information and the reference point for clinical decision-making by healthcare professionals in the Kyrgyz Republic. The recommendations presented in these documents are largely based on data from real clinical practice, but the efficacy and safety of a number of antiviral agents, the indications for which have been expanded to include COVID-19 treatment, remain unclear.</p><p>The aim of the study was to conduct a retrospective pharmacoepidemiological analysis of lopinavir+ritonavir use in hospitals in the Kyrgyz Republic for the treatment of COVID-19 during the period from March until April 2020.</p><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods: the paper describes a retrospective study of 145 medical records of patients with confirmed COVID-19 who were hospitalized in infectious disease departments/hospitals of the Kyrgyz Republic. Statistical processing was performed using Microsoft Excel 2017.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results: between 16 March 2020 and 25 April 2020, 145 patients were prescribed lopinavir+ritonavir at a dose of 200 mg + 50 mg, 2 tablets twice a day—in line with the dosage regimen recommended by the national guideline. The national guideline recommended the treatment duration of 10 days, while the actual treatment duration was 1–12 days (5.5 days on average) depending on the tolerability of the drug. The use of the drug was accompanied by adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in 78 patients (53.8%), and caused deterioration in the general condition of 73 of these patients (94.8%) which resulted in discontinuation of the drug. The most common ADRs were nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, decreased appetite, yellowness of the skin, and, according to laboratory studies, an increase in serum levels of bilirubin, creatinine, glucose, aspartate aminotransferase and amylase activity. A retrospective assessment of the causal relationship probability according to the Naranjo scale showed an interrelation between the use of lopinavir+ritonavir and ADR development.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions: the use of the lopinavir+ritonavir drug in COVID-19 patients led to deterioration of their general condition, which was severe in some cases. The data obtained indicate that the use of this drug for COVID-19 treatment is clinically unreasonable and irrational. Lopinavir+ritonavir was excluded from subsequent revisions of the clinical guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19 in the Kyrgyz Republic.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>коронавирусная инфекция</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>клиническое руководство</kwd><kwd>лопинавир+ритонавир</kwd><kwd>нежелательные реакции</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>coronavirus infection</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>clinical guideline</kwd><kwd>lopinavir+ritonavir</kwd><kwd>adverse drugs reactions</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена без спонсорской поддержки. Авторы выражают искреннюю благодарность врачам-инфекционистам Кыргызской Республики, предоставившим данные по пациентам.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was performed without sponsorship. 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