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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">safetyrisk</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Безопасность и риск фармакотерапии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Safety and Risk of Pharmacotherapy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2312-7821</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-1164</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal State Budgetary Institution ‘Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products’ of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (FSBI ‘SCEEMP’)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30895/2312-7821-2022-10-4-381-395</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">safetyrisk-325</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФАРМАКОНАДЗОР</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PHARMACOVIGILANCE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Изучение нежелательных реакций с летальными исходами при применении лекарственных препаратов: методологические подходы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Methodological Approaches to Studying Fatal Adverse Drug Reactions</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6641-7752</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Асецкая</surname><given-names>И. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Asetskaya</surname><given-names>I. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Асецкая Ирина Львовна, кандидат медицинских наук, доцент.</p><p>Ул. Миклухо-Маклая, д. 6, Москва, 117198</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina L. Asetskaya, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor. </p><p>6 Miklukho-Maklay St., Moscow 117198</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">asetskayail@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Поливанов</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Polivanov</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Поливанов Виталий Анатольевич.</p><p>SPIN-код РИНЦ: 1699-3254</p><p>Славянская пл., д. 4, стр. 1, Москва, 109074</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vitaliy A. Polivanov.</p><p>SPIN-код РИНЦ: 1699-3254.</p><p>4/1 Slavyanskaya Sq., Moscow 109012</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pvit74@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6348-6867</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зырянов</surname><given-names>С. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zyryanov</surname><given-names>S. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зырянов Сергей Кенсаринович, доктор медицинских наук, профессор.</p><p>Ул. Миклухо-Маклая, д. 6, Москва, 117198;</p><p>Ул. Писцовая, д. 10, Москва, 127015</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey K. Zyryanov, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor.</p><p>6 Miklukho-Maklay St., Moscow 117198;</p><p>10 Pistsovaya St., Moscow 127015</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sergey.k.zyryanov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Российский университет дружбы народов»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Информационно-методический центр по экспертизе, учету и анализу обращения средств медицинского применения» Росздравнадзора</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pharmacovigilance Center of the Information and Methodological Center for Expert Evaluation, Recording and Analysis of Circulation of Medical Products</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Российский университет дружбы народов»; Государственное бюджетное учреждение здравоохранения «Городская клиническая больница № 24 Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Peoples' Friendship University of Russia; City Clinical Hospital No. 24</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>381</fpage><lpage>395</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Асецкая И.Л., Поливанов В.А., Зырянов С.К., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Асецкая И.Л., Поливанов В.А., Зырянов С.К.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Asetskaya I.L., Polivanov V.A., Zyryanov S.K.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.risksafety.ru/jour/article/view/325">https://www.risksafety.ru/jour/article/view/325</self-uri><abstract><p>Развитие серьезных нежелательных реакций (НР) при применении лекарственных препаратов может привести к смерти пациента. Предотвращение возможности развития такого исхода и повышение безопасности фармакотерапии является актуальной проблемой современной медицины. Цель работы: выявить и провести анализ особенностей основных методологических подходов, применяемых для изучения распространенности, структуры и факторов риска фатальных НР. Выделено три основных метода исследования таких реакций: анализ свидетельств о смерти, метод спонтанных сообщений и проведение клинических исследований с акцентом на безопасность. Показано, что каждый метод имеет свои преимущества и ограничения. Так, наиболее точную информацию о распространенности фатальных НР получают на основе данных клинических исследований, значение этого показателя среди стационарных пациентов в большинстве случаев варьирует от 0,05 до 0,95% от количества всех госпитализаций. Анализ свидетельств о смерти имеет важное значение при определении групп лекарственных препаратов с высоким риском летальных исходов и проведении долгосрочных сравнений, а метод спонтанных сообщений очень эффективен для быстрого выявления фатальных НР на новые лекарственные препараты. Установлено, что не только выбор метода сбора данных, но и особенности его применения могут повлиять на результаты исследования НР. Отмечено, что данные, полученные при проведении клинических исследований в разных странах, различаются, что свидетельствует о важности изучения проблемы фатальных НР на национальном уровне и необходимости инициировать подобные исследования в Российской Федерации.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Serious adverse drug reactions (ADRs) to medicinal products can cause death. It is an immediate challenge for modern medicine to prevent the possibility of this outcome and to improve the safety of pharmacotherapy. The aim of this study was to identify and analyse the main methodological approaches to studying the prevalence, patterns, and risk factors of fatal ADRs. The authors identified three main methods for studying such reactions: analysis of death certificates, monitoring of spontaneous reports, and review of clinical trials with a particular focus on safety. Each of these methods has its advantages and limitations. Clinical trials provide the most accurate information on the prevalence of fatal ADRs. For inpatients, this value ranged from 0.05 to 0.95% of the total number of hospital admissions. Data from death certificates may be particularly useful for identifying the groups of medicinal products posing a high risk of death and for making longitudinal comparisons. Monitoring of spontaneous reports is very effective in rapidly identifying fatal adverse reactions to new medicinal products. According to the authors, not only the choice of a data collection method, but also its application can affect the results of an ADR study. It was noted that the data varied across clinical trials conducted in different countries. Such variations indicate the importance of studying the problem of fatal ADRs at the national level, as well as the need for initiating such studies in the Russian Federation.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>лекарственные препараты</kwd><kwd>фатальные нежелательные реакции</kwd><kwd>свидетельство о смерти</kwd><kwd>фармаконадзор</kwd><kwd>спонтанное сообщение</kwd><kwd>клинические исследования</kwd><kwd>метаанализ</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>medicinal products</kwd><kwd>fatal adverse drug reactions</kwd><kwd>death certificate</kwd><kwd>pharmacovigilance</kwd><kwd>spontaneous report</kwd><kwd>clinical studies</kwd><kwd>meta-analysis</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена без спонсорской поддержки</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was performed without external funding</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Астахова АВ, Лепахин ВК. 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