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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">safetyrisk</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Безопасность и риск фармакотерапии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Safety and Risk of Pharmacotherapy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2312-7821</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-1164</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal State Budgetary Institution ‘Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products’ of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (FSBI ‘SCEEMP’)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30895/2312-7821-2022-278</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">safetyrisk-326</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ ФАРМАКОТЕРАПИИ ПРИ COVID-19</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SAFETY OF COVID-19 PHARMACOTHERAPY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Оценка рациональности антибактериальной терапии внутрибольничных инфекций у пациентов в отделении реанимации и интенсивной терапии на фоне COVID-19: ретроспективный анализ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Evaluation of the Rationality of Antibiotic Therapy of Nosocomial Infections in Resuscitation and Intensive Care Patients with COVID-19: a Retrospective Analysis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2660-7583</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карноух</surname><given-names>К. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karnoukh</surname><given-names>K. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Карноух Константин Игоревич</p><p>Трубецкая ул., д. 8, стр. 2, Москва, 119991, Российская Федерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Konstantin I. Karnoukh</p><p>8/2 Trubetskaya St., Moscow 119991, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">comefl@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6528-1585</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лазарева</surname><given-names>Н. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lazareva</surname><given-names>N. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лазарева Наталья Борисовна, доктор медицинских наук, доцент</p><p>Трубецкая ул., д. 8, стр. 2, Москва, 119991, Российская Федерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia B. Lazareva, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor</p><p>8/2 Trubetskaya St., Moscow 119991, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">natalia.lazareva@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации (Сеченовский университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>07</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>269</fpage><lpage>282</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Карноух К.И., Лазарева Н.Б., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Карноух К.И., Лазарева Н.Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Karnoukh K.I., Lazareva N.B.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.risksafety.ru/jour/article/view/326">https://www.risksafety.ru/jour/article/view/326</self-uri><abstract><p>Частота развития инфекций, связанных с оказанием медицинской помощи (ИСМП), у пациентов с COVID-19 не превышает 15%. Однако у пациентов в критическом состоянии этот показатель может достигать 50%, а уровень летальности — превышать 50%. Поэтому крайне важным является проведение эффективной антибактериальной терапии у данной категории пациентов.Цель работы: оценка рациональности антибактериальной терапии пациентов в критическом состоянии с внутрибольничными инфекциями, развившимися на фоне COVID-19, а также анализ своевременности проведения и достаточности объема микробиологической и лабораторной диагностики у данных пациентов.Материалы и методы: проведен ретроспективный анализ данных медицинских карт стационарных больных с ИСМП на фоне COVID-19, госпитализированных в реанимационное отделение ГБУЗ «ГКБ № 4 ДЗМ» в период с 27.04.2020 по 01.11.2020. Анализ антибактериальной терапии проводили в соответствии с принципами, изложенными в программе СКАТ (Стратегия контроля антимикробной терапии) и в актуальных версиях временных методических рекомендаций по профилактике, диагностике и лечению новой коронавирусной инфекции (COVID-19) Минздрава России. Для определения достоверности различий использовали непарный критерий t (Стьюдента). Сравнение несвязанных групп по качественным признакам было проведено с помощью критерия хи-квадрат.Результаты: установлено, что ИСМП развились у 138 (20,8%) из 664 пациентов, госпитализированных в реанимационное отделение. В 53,6% случаев (74 из 138 пациентов) эмпирическая антибактериальная терапия была расценена как нерациональная в связи с ее несоответствием действующим клиническим рекомендациям. Рациональная эмпирическая антимикробная терапия была назначена 68,6% выживших пациентов и 33,3% умерших (p &lt; 0,001). Коррекция антибактериальной терапии по результатам микробиологических исследований была проведена у 56,9% выживших пациентов и у 30,2% умерших (p = 0,005). Определение концентрации прокальцитонина в качестве маркера бактериальной инфекции проводилось у 74,5% выживших пациентов, а среди умерших — только у 48,3% (p = 0,003).Выводы: рациональная антибактериальная терапия у пациентов c ИСМП в критическом состоянии на фоне COVID-19 была назначена менее чем в 50% случаев. С учетом выявленного достоверного снижения летальности при проведении рациональной антибактериальной терапии у исследованной категории пациентов необходимо более тщательное следование актуальным рекомендациям. Успех терапии также во многом зависит от ее своевременной коррекции на основе результатов идентификации возбудителей ИСМП и других диагностических мероприятий, в частности анализа биомаркера прокальцитонина.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The overall incidence of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) in patients with COVID-19 is lower than 15%. However, in critical COVID-19 patients, the incidence of HAIs may reach 50%, and the mortality rate may exceed 50%. This makes effective antibiotic therapy in this category of patients extremely important.The aim of the study was to assess the rationality of antibiotic therapy in critically ill COVID-19 patients with HAIs, as well as analyse the timeliness and sufficiency of microbiological and laboratory diagnostic testing in these patients.Materials and methods: the study comprised a retrospective analysis of medical records of the patients with COVID-19 complicated by HAIs who had been admitted to an intensive care unit of Moscow City Clinical Hospital 4 from 27.04.2020 to 01.11.2020. Antibacterial therapy was analysed in accordance with the principles set forth in the Strategy for the Control of Antimicrobial Therapy (antimicrobial stewardship) and the current Interim Guidelines on the Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Novel Coronavirus Infection (COVID-19) of the Russian Ministry of Health. Statistical significance was evaluated using Student’s unpaired t-test. The qualitative comparison of independent groups was made using the χ2 test.Results: HAIs developed in 138 (20.8%) of 664 patients admitted to the intensive care unit. The authors considered empirical antibiotic therapy irrational in 53.6% of these cases (74/138 patients) due to nonconformity to the current clinical recommendations. Empirical antimicrobial therapy was rational in 68.6% of survivors and 33.3% of non-survivors (p &lt; 0.001). It was corrected based on the results of microbiological testing in 56.9% of survivors and 30.2% of non-survivors (p = 0.005). Procalcitonin levels, as a marker of bacterial infection, were determined in 74.5% survivors and 48.3% of non-survivors (p = 0.003).Conclusions: Antibiotic therapy was rational in less than 50% of critically ill COVID-19 patients with HAIs. Having demonstrated a significant mortality decrease in the category of studied patients with rational antibiotic therapy, the study suggests that it is necessary to follow the current recommendations more carefully. The success of therapy also largely depends on its timely correction based on the results of HAI pathogen identification and other diagnostic measures, in particular, procalcitonin biomarker tests.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>инфекция</kwd><kwd>связанная с оказанием медицинской помощи</kwd><kwd>антибактериальная терапия</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>прокальцитонин</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>healthcare-associated infection</kwd><kwd>antibacterial therapy</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>procalcitonin</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена без спонсорской поддержки.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was performed without external funding.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Langford BJ, So M, Raybardhan S, Leung V, Westwood D, MacFadden DR, et al. 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