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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">safetyrisk</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Безопасность и риск фармакотерапии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Safety and Risk of Pharmacotherapy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2312-7821</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-1164</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal State Budgetary Institution ‘Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products’ of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (FSBI ‘SCEEMP’)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30895/2312-7821-2023-337</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">safetyrisk-337</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ДОКЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ И КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PRECLINICAL AND CLINICAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Клиническая фармакология антимикробных лекарственных средств: фокус на безопасность ванкомицина и линезолида</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Clinical Pharmacology of Antimicrobials: Focus on the Safety of Vancomycin and Linezolid</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9198-8661</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Журавлева</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhuravleva</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Журавлева Марина Владимировна, д-р мед. наук, профессор</p><p>Петровский б-р, д. 8, стр. 2, Москва, 127051</p><p>ул. Яузская, д. 11, Москва, 109240</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina V. Zhuravleva, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor</p><p>8/2 Petrovsky Blvd., Moscow 127051</p><p>11 Yauzskaya St., Moscow 109240</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zhuravleva@expmed.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1262-4430</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузнецова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuznetsova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кузнецова Елена Викторовна</p><p>ул. Большая Татарская, д. 30, Москва, 115184</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena V. Kuznetsova</p><p>30 Bolshaya Tatarskaya St., Moscow 115184</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kuznetsovaEV11@zdrav.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2036-7403</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бердникова</surname><given-names>Н. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Berdnikova</surname><given-names>N. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бердникова Надежда Георгиевна, канд. мед. наук</p><p>ул. Яузская, д. 11, Москва, 109240</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nadezhda G. Berdnikova, Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p><p>11 Yauzskaya St., Moscow 109240</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">berdnad@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7024-5546</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Прокофьев</surname><given-names>А. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Prokofiev</surname><given-names>A. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Прокофьев Алексей Борисович, д-р мед. наук, профессор</p><p>Петровский б-р, д. 8, стр. 2, Москва, 127051</p><p>ул. Яузская, д. 11, Москва, 109240</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey B. Prokofiev, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor</p><p>8/2 Petrovsky Blvd., Moscow 127051</p><p>11 Yauzskaya St., Moscow 109240</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">prokofiev@expmed.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3957-5015</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каменева</surname><given-names>Т. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kameneva</surname><given-names>T. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Каменева Татьяна Рудольфовна, канд. мед. наук, доцент</p><p>ул. Большая Татарская, д. 30, Москва, 115184</p><p>Каштановая аллея, д. 2, стр. 1, Москва, г. Зеленоград, 124489</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana R. Kameneva, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor</p><p>30 Bolshaya Tatarskaya St., Moscow 115184</p><p>2/1 Kashtanovaya Aly, Zelenograd, Moscow 124489</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tkamenek@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1972-4386</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Демченкова</surname><given-names>Е. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Demchenkova</surname><given-names>E. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Демченкова Елена Юрьевна, канд. фарм. наук</p><p>Петровский б-р, д. 8, стр. 2, Москва, 127051</p><p>ул. Яузская, д. 11, Москва, 109240</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena Yu. Demchenkova, Cand. Sci. (Pharm.)</p><p>8/2 Petrovsky Blvd., Moscow 127051</p><p>11 Yauzskaya St., Moscow 109240</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">demchenkova@expmed.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Научный центр экспертизы средств медицинского применения» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации; Государственное бюджетное учреждение здравоохранения города Москвы «Городская клиническая больница имени И.В. Давыдовского Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; I.V. Davydovsky City Clinical Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Государственное бюджетное учреждение города Москвы «Научно-исследовательский институт организации здравоохранения и медицинского менеджмента Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Institute for Healthcare Organisation and Medical Management of the Moscow Healthcare Department</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Государственное бюджетное учреждение здравоохранения города Москвы «Городская клиническая больница имени И.В. Давыдовского Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.V. Davydovsky City Clinical Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Государственное бюджетное учреждение города Москвы «Научно-исследовательский институт организации здравоохранения и медицинского менеджмента Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы»; Государственное бюджетное учреждение здравоохранения города Москвы «Городская клиническая больница им. М.П. Кончаловского Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Institute for Healthcare Organisation and Medical Management of the Moscow Healthcare Department; M.P. Konchalovsky City Clinical Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>10</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>430</fpage><lpage>441</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Журавлева М.В., Кузнецова Е.В., Бердникова Н.Г., Прокофьев А.Б., Каменева Т.Р., Демченкова Е.Ю., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Журавлева М.В., Кузнецова Е.В., Бердникова Н.Г., Прокофьев А.Б., Каменева Т.Р., Демченкова Е.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zhuravleva M.V., Kuznetsova E.V., Berdnikova N.G., Prokofiev A.B., Kameneva T.R., Demchenkova E.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.risksafety.ru/jour/article/view/337">https://www.risksafety.ru/jour/article/view/337</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Ванкомицин и линезолид — антибактериальные препараты выбора при лечении тяжелых инфекций, вызванных патогенами с множественной лекарственной устойчивостью, в том числе метициллин-резистентным Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Однако отечественные исследования, посвященные проблеме анализа безопасности их применения, немногочисленны.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Провести сравнительный анализ безопасности ванкомицина и линезолида на основании информации московского сегмента базы данных сообщений о нежелательных реакциях Росздравнадзора.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Использована информация базы данных спонтанных сообщений, содержащей 147 извещений о нежелательных реакциях (НР) при применении ванкомицина и линезолида за 2018–2022 гг. Количество сообщений о НР, связанных с применением ванкомицина, составило 122, линезолида — 25.</p><p>Проведен анализ распределения НР с последующей оценкой статистической значимости различий по полу, массе тела и возрастным группам пациентов, по условиям оказания медицинской помощи, по пути введения лекарственного препарата, по разовой и суточной дозам, по продолжительности лекарственной терапии, по кодам заболеваний/состояний в соответствии с МКБ-10, по критериям серьезности и исходу НР.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Распределение НР при применении ванкомицина и линезолида по возрастным группам было относительно равномерным. Частота НР при применении линезолида в амбулаторных условиях была значимо выше (3 из 5 сообщений), чем при применении ванкомицина в амбулаторных условиях (21 из 129 сообщений), p=0,0408. При применении линезолида НР были квалифицированы по степени серьезности как госпитализация или ее продление в 5 случаях из 20, что значительно чаще, чем при применении ванкомицина: 16 из 94 сообщений (p=0,528).</p><p>Средняя разовая доза ванкомицина составила 794 мг, суточная — 1273 мг, что было выше средней разовой дозы линезолида 467 мг (p=0,007) и средней суточной дозы 998 мг этого препарата (p=0,3664). Средняя продолжительность терапии линезолидом до возникновения НР — 5,26 сут, что достоверно больше (p=0,0053) средней продолжительности терапии ванкомицином — 2,44 сут. При пероральном применении линезолид достоверно чаще (p=0,0027) вызывал развитие НР (4 случая из 19) по сравнению с ванкомицином (5 случаев из 96).</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. НР при применении ванкомицина и линезолида были предсказуемыми и специфичными для антибактериальных препаратов этого класса. Однако полученные данные и выявленные различия свидетельствуют о том, что факторы, оказывающие влияние на развитие НР при применении ванкомицина, отличались от таковых для линезолида. Аналогичные расхождения были выявлены при анализе данных литературы. Однако результаты линейного регрессионного анализа показали, что ни один из рассмотренных факторов не оказал значимого влияния на вероятность возникновения НР при применении ванкомицина и линезолида.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Scientific relevance</title><p>Scientific relevance. Vancomycin and linezolid are the antibacterial agents of choice for severe infections caused by multidrug-resistant pathogens, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). However, few studies have been conducted in Russia to analyse the safety of these medicinal products.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. The study aimed to compare the safety of vancomycin and linezolid using the Moscow segment of the Russian Federal Service for Surveillance in Healthcare’s database for adverse drug reaction (ADR) reports.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The study used information from the spontaneous reporting database for 2018–2022, which contained 147 ADR reports for vancomycin (122 reports) and linezolid (25 reports). The authors analysed the ADR distribution and assessed the statistical significance of the identified differences by sex, weight, and age of patients, conditions of medical care, route of administration, single dose, daily dose, therapy duration, ICD-10 codes, ADR severity, and ADR outcome.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The distribution of adverse reactions to vancomycin and linezolid by patient age was relatively uniform. Outpatient linezolid was associated with a significantly higher rate of ADRs (3 of 5 reports) than outpatient vancomycin (21 of 129 reports; p=0.0408). For ADR severity, 5 of 20 ADRs reported with linezolid required hospitalisation or prolongation of hospitalisation—considerably more than with vancomycin (16 of 94 reports; p=0.528). The average single dose of vancomycin (794 mg) was higher than that of linezolid (467 mg; p=0.007); the same was noted for average daily doses (1273 mg vs 998 mg; p=0.3664). The mean duration of treatment with linezolid before ADR onset was 5.26 days, which was significantly longer than the mean duration of treatment with vancomycin (2.44 days; p=0.0053). Oral linezolid was associated with a significantly higher ADR rate (4 of 19 cases) than oral vancomycin (5 of 96 cases; p=0.0027).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. The ADRs observed with vancomycin and linezolid were predictable and class-specific. According to the results of the ADR report analysis, adverse reactions to vancomycin and linezolid were associated with different factors. Similar results of the literature analysis confirmed this conclusion. However, according to the results of the linear regression analysis, none of the factors considered in this study had a statistically significant influence on the probability of developing an adverse reaction to vancomycin or linezolid.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ванкомицин</kwd><kwd>линезолид</kwd><kwd>нежелательные реакции</kwd><kwd>фармаконадзор</kwd><kwd>антибиотики</kwd><kwd>нозокомиальные инфекции</kwd><kwd>множественная лекарственная устойчивость</kwd><kwd>применение лекарственных препаратов</kwd><kwd>спонтанные сообщения</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>vancomycin</kwd><kwd>linezolid</kwd><kwd>adverse drug reactions</kwd><kwd>pharmacovigilance</kwd><kwd>antibiotics</kwd><kwd>nosocomial infections</kwd><kwd>multidrug resistance</kwd><kwd>use of medicinal products</kwd><kwd>spontaneous reports</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках государственного задания ФГБУ «НЦЭСМП» Минздрава России № 056-00001-22-00 на проведение прикладных научных исследований (номер государственного учета НИР 121022400082-4).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study reported in this publication was carried out as part of publicly funded research project No. 056-00001-22-00 and was supported by the Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products (R&amp;D public accounting No. 121022400082-4).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dhingra-Kumar N, Brusaferro S, Arnoldo L. 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