safetyriskБезопасность и риск фармакотерапииSafety and Risk of Pharmacotherapy2312-78212619-1164Federal State Budgetary Institution ‘Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products’ of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (FSBI ‘SCEEMP’)10.30895/2312-7821-2024-433safetyrisk-433Research ArticleГЛАВНАЯ ТЕМА: ТЕНЕВЫЕ СТОРОНЫ ФАРМАКОТЕРАПИИ: НЕЖЕЛАТЕЛЬНЫЕ РЕАКЦИИMAIN TOPIC: THE DARK SIDE OF PHARMACOTHERAPY: ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONSСоциальные сети как источник информации о нежелательных реакциях в пострегистрационном фармаконадзоре: обзорSocial Media as a Source of Information for the Detection of Adverse Drug Reactions in Post-Marketing Surveillance: A Reviewhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1508-0627НежуринаЕ. К.NezhurinaE. K.

Нежурина Елизавета Константиновна

Профсоюзная ул., д. 3, Москва, 117292

Elizaveta K. Nezhurina

3 Profsoyuznaya St., Moscow 117292

elizaveta.nezhurina@lit-review.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4092-2539МильчаковК. С.MilchakovK. S.

Мильчаков Кирилл Сергеевич, канд. мед. наук, доцент

Профсоюзная ул., д. 3, Москва, 117292

Kirill S. Milchakov, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor

3 Profsoyuznaya St., Moscow 117292

mks13.09@ya.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0003-5739-4610АбрамоваА. А.AbramovaA. A.

Абрамова Анна Андреевна

Профсоюзная ул., д. 3, Москва, 117292, 

ул. Миклухо-Маклая, д. 6, Москва, 117198

Anna A. Abramova

3 Profsoyuznaya St., Moscow 117292,

6 Miklukho-Maklay St., Moscow 117198

anna.abramova@lit-review.ruНаучное медицинское агентство «Литобзор»РоссияLitReview AgencyRussian FederationНаучное медицинское агентство «Литобзор»; Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Российский университет дружбы народов имени Патриса Лумумбы»РоссияLitReview Agency; Рeoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice LumumbaRussian Federation202424092024124432443Copyright © Нежурина Е.К., Мильчаков К.С., Абрамова А.А., 20242024Нежурина Е.К., Мильчаков К.С., Абрамова А.А.Nezhurina E.K., Milchakov K.S., Abramova A.A.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.risksafety.ru/jour/article/view/433ВВЕДЕНИЕ

ВВЕДЕНИЕ. С развитием сети Интернет, распространением социальных сетей и интернет-форумов пациенты   получили   возможность   активно   делиться   опытом   применения   лекарственных   препаратов   онлайн. В соответствии с Правилами надлежащей практики фармаконадзора социальные медиа рассматриваются в качестве дополнительного источника информации в пострегистрационном фармаконадзоре, но эффективность их использования для выявления нежелательных реакций продолжает изучаться.

ЦЕЛЬ

ЦЕЛЬ. Оценка возможности использования социальных сетей и интернет-форумов для пациентов при поиске информации о случаях развития нежелательных реакций после применения лекарственных препаратов на основе анализа результатов оригинальных исследований.

ОБСУЖДЕНИЕ

ОБСУЖДЕНИЕ. Сообщения пользователей социальных сетей и интернет-форумов для пациентов содержат описания как несерьезных, так и серьезных нежелательных реакций, в том числе новых. Эффективность социальных медиа в качестве источника информации о безопасности лекарственных препаратов может варьировать в зависимости от группы препарата, длительности его пребывания на рынке, демографических характеристик пользовательской аудитории. Для лиц молодого возраста (от 18 до 44 лет) актуальной темой для обсуждения онлайн является применение препаратов при нарушениях репродуктивной функции и психических расстройствах; в возрасте от 45 до 64 лет — при хронической боли, в том числе мышечной, менопаузе, гастрите; старше 65 лет — при диабете, кардиологических заболеваниях, мышечной боли. Сообщения о нежелательных реакциях при приеме препаратов, используемых для лечения орфанных и онкологических заболеваний, значительно чаще встречаются на интернет-форумах для пациентов, чем в социальных сетях, тогда как для препаратов, применяемых при психических расстройствах, ситуация обратная. Показано, что социальные медиа могут также представлять интерес как источники информации о случаях злоупотребления, передозировки, off-label использования лекарственных препаратов, а также применения лекарственных препаратов при беременности и грудном вскармливании.

ВЫВОДЫ

ВЫВОДЫ. Социальные медиа могут быть источником важной информации о безопасности лекарственных препаратов и влиянии развития нежелательных реакций на качество жизни пациентов. Включение социальных медиа в стратегию мониторинга помогает держателям регистрационных удостоверений выявить новую информацию о безопасности   лекарственных   препаратов.   Релевантность   конкретной   социальной сети или интернет-форума для пациентов для выявления случаев развития нежелательных реакций варьирует, в связи с чем необходимо проводить предварительную оценку наличия информации в социальных медиа по конкретному лекарственному препарату.

INTRODUCTION

INTRODUCTION. With the development of the Internet and the increasing availability of social networks and fora, patients have received an opportunity to share their medication experiences online. According to the guidelines on Good Pharmacovigilance Practices, social media can be considered an important additional source of patient-derived information in post-marketing surveillance, but the effectiveness of their use in detecting adverse drug reactions (ADRs) is still being investigated.

AIM

AIM. This study aimed to analyse the results of relevant original studies and assess the potential of using social networks and online patient fora as a source of information on ADRs associated with the use of medicinal products.

DISCUSSION

DISCUSSION. Published studies indicate that posts on  social  networks  and  patient  fora  describe  both  minor and serious ADRs, including new ADRs. The relevance of social media as a source of information about the safety of a medicinal product varies depending on several factors, including the medicinal product class and time on the market, as well as the platform demographics. Young users (18–44 years) are interested in online discussions about medicinal products for mental and reproductive system disorders. Users aged 45–64 years tend to discuss the use of medicinal products for chronic pain (including muscle pain), menopause, and gastritis. Discussions among users over 65 years old predominantly focus on medicinal products for diabetes, heart conditions, and muscle pain. People are much more likely to describe ADRs associated with the use of medicinal products for orphan diseases and cancer on fora for patients than on social networks in general, and vice versa for ADRs associated with the use of medicinal products for mental disorders. In addition, social media may be of interest as a source of information about cases of overdose, misuse and off-label use of medicinal products, and use of medicinal products during pregnancy and lactation.

CONCLUSIONS

CONCLUSIONS. Social media can be a source of valuable information about the safety of medicinal products and the impact of ADRs on the quality of patients’ lives. Marketing authorisation holders can obtain new information about the safety of medicinal products by extending their  safety  monitoring  strategies  to  include social media. Nevertheless, since the relevance of a particular social network or patient forum for the detection of ADR cases varies considerably, a preliminary assessment is necessary to ascertain the presence of information on the medicinal product of interest.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.