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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">safetyrisk</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Безопасность и риск фармакотерапии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Safety and Risk of Pharmacotherapy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2312-7821</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-1164</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal State Budgetary Institution ‘Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products’ of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (FSBI ‘SCEEMP’)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30895/2312-7821-2025-13-1-86-93</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">safetyrisk-470</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГЛАВНАЯ ТЕМА: ИННОВАЦИИ И ВЫЗОВЫ В ФАРМАКОТЕРАПИИ: ОТ РАЗРАБОТКИ НОВЫХ ПРЕПАРАТОВ ДО ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЯ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ В КЛИНИЧЕСКОЙ ПРАКТИКЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MAIN TOPIC: INNOVATIONS AND CHALLENGES IN PHARMACOTHERAPY: FROM DEVELOPING NOVEL MEDICINAL PRODUCTS TO ENSURING THEIR CLINICAL SAFETY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние пищи на биодоступность лекарственных препаратов в исследованиях биоэквивалентности: сравнительный анализ нормативных документов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Effects of Food on the Bioavailability of Medicinal Products in Bioequivalence Studies: A Comparative Analysis of Regulatory Documents</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2385-7114</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Еременко</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Eremenko</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Еременко Наталья Николаевна, канд. мед. наук, доцент</p><p>Петровский б-р, д. 8, стр. 2, Москва, 127051; ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2, Москва, 119991</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia N. Eremenko, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor</p><p>8/2 Petrovsky Blvd, Moscow 127051; 8/2 Trubetskaya St., Moscow 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">eremenkonn2014@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Научный центр экспертизы средств медицинского применения» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации; Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>86</fpage><lpage>93</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Еременко Н.Н., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Еременко Н.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eremenko N.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.risksafety.ru/jour/article/view/470">https://www.risksafety.ru/jour/article/view/470</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>ВВЕДЕНИЕ</title><p>ВВЕДЕНИЕ. Актуальность изучения влияния пищи на биодоступность лекарственных препаратов (ЛП) обусловлена необходимостью правильного выбора условий применения ЛП в ходе исследований биодоступности и биоэквивалентности воспроизведенных ЛП, а также обоснования режима приема оригинальных препаратов для различных групп пациентов в клинических исследованиях. Однако в настоящее время отсутствуют единые гармонизированные требования, регулирующие изучение влияния пищи на биодоступность.</p></sec><sec><title>ЦЕЛЬ</title><p>ЦЕЛЬ. Анализ нормативных национальных и международных требований, регламентирующих проведение клинических исследований биоэквивалентности для оценки условий изучения влияния пищи в исследованиях биоэквивалентности. Выявление общих требований и отличий в практике разных стран для выбора оптимальных условий проведения исследований биоэквивалентности лекарственных препаратов.</p></sec><sec><title>ОБСУЖДЕНИЕ</title><p>ОБСУЖДЕНИЕ. При анализе влияния пищи на биодоступность ЛП следует ориентироваться на классификации биофармацевтической классификационной системы (BCS) и биофармацевтической классификационной системы ЛП по их растворимости и метаболизму (BDDCS), определяющие растворимость, проницаемость и метаболизм ЛП. Анализ документов международных организаций (Всемирная организация здравоохранения (ВОЗ), Международный совет по гармонизации технических требований к лекарственным средствам для медицинского применения (ICH)) и регуляторных органов государств — членов ЕАЭС, стран Европы (Европейское агентство по лекарственным средствам (EMA), США (Управление по контролю за качеством продуктов питания и лекарственных средств (FDA)) и некоторых других показал различия в условиях изучения влияния пищи на биодоступность ЛП. Общим является требование проведения исследования биоэквивалентности в стандартизированных условиях. Различия заключаются в необходимом объеме исследований после приема пищи, в рекомендованном составе пищи: калорийности, содержании жиров, белков и углеводов, особенностей местных диетических предпочтений, а также в подходах к изучению влияния пищи на биодоступность ЛП высокого риска, ЛП с линейной или нелинейной фармакокинетикой и лекарственных форм с модифицированным высвобождением.</p></sec><sec><title>ВЫВОДЫ</title><p>ВЫВОДЫ. Выявленные особенности национальных и международных требований к проведению клинических исследований биоэквивалентности ЛП подчеркивают целесообразность гармонизации требований нормативных документов. Это будет способствовать обеспечению безопасного и эффективного применения ЛП, а также формированию единых подходов к интерпретации результатов влияния пищи на биодоступность и выводу ЛП на международный фармацевтический рынок.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>INTRODUCTION. Studying the effect of food on the bioavailability of medicinal products is important for selecting the right administration conditions for generics (in bioavailability and bioequivalence studies) and confirming the selection for originators in different patient groups (in clinical trials). However, there are currently no common harmonised requirements for food-effect bioavailability studies.AIM. This study aimed to evaluate the conditions for investigating the effect of food on the bioavailability of medicinal products in bioequivalence studies through an analysis of the national and international regulatory requirementsfor the conduct of clinical bioequivalence studies; additionally, this study aimed to identify common and unique requirements applied in different countries with a view to selecting the optimal conditions for conductingbioequivalence studies of medicinal products.DISCUSSION. Food-effect bioavailability studies of medicinal products should rely on the Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) and the Biopharmaceutical Drug Disposition and Classification System (BDDCS), whichclassify medicinal products by solubility, permeability, and metabolism. This study analysed documents reflecting the approaches of international organisations to bioequivalence studies, including documents by the WorldHealth Organisation (WHO), the International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH), and regulatory bodies of the Eurasian Economic Union, the European Union(European Medicines Agency (EMA)), and the United States of America (Food and Drug Administration (FDA)). The analysis revealed differences in the conditions for studying the effect of food on the bioavailability of medicinalproducts. A common approach is to require that bioequivalence studies should be conducted under standardised conditions. The differences lie in the expected scope of postprandial studies; the recommended mealcomposition with regard to the energy, protein, carbohydrate, and fat content and local dietary preferences; and approaches to food-effect bioavailability studies of high-risk medicinal products, medicinal products withlinear and non-linear pharmacokinetics, and modified-release formulations.CONCLUSIONS. The differences identified in the national and international requirements for the conduct of food-effect bioavailability studies of medicinal products underscore the need for regulatory standard harmonisation, which will contribute to ensuring the safe and effective use of medicinal products, to implementing uniform approaches to the interpretation of the results of food-effect bioavailability studies, and to bringing medicinal products to the global pharmaceutical market.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>биодоступность</kwd><kwd>биоэквивалентность</kwd><kwd>влияние пищи</kwd><kwd>состояние натощак</kwd><kwd>состояние после приема пищи</kwd><kwd>препарат для приема внутрь</kwd><kwd>абсорбция</kwd><kwd>безопасность лекарственных препаратов</kwd><kwd>нормативное руководство</kwd><kwd>фармакокинетика</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>bioavailability</kwd><kwd>bioequivalence</kwd><kwd>food effect</kwd><kwd>fasted state</kwd><kwd>fed state</kwd><kwd>oral medicinal product</kwd><kwd>absorption</kwd><kwd>drug safety</kwd><kwd>regulatory guidance</kwd><kwd>pharmacokinetics</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках государственного задания ФГБУ «НЦЭСМП» Минздрава России № 0056-00001-25-00 на проведение прикладных научных исследований (номер государственного учета НИР 124022300127-0)</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This study was conducted by the Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products as part of the applied research funded under State Assignment No. 056-00001-25-00 (R&amp;D Registry No. 124022300127-0)</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cheng L, Wong H. 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