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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">safetyrisk</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Безопасность и риск фармакотерапии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Safety and Risk of Pharmacotherapy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2312-7821</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-1164</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal State Budgetary Institution ‘Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products’ of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (FSBI ‘SCEEMP’)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30895/2312-7821-2026-14-1-20-32</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">safetyrisk-527</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГЛАВНАЯ ТЕМА: ЭВОЛЮЦИЯ ФАРМАКОНАДЗОРА: ИНТЕГРАЦИЯ НОВЫХ ИСТОЧНИКОВ ДАННЫХ, ПОПУЛЯЦИОННЫХ ИCСЛЕДОВАНИЙ И ПРЕДИКТИВНЫХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MAIN TOPIC: EVOLUTION OF PHARMACOVIGILANCE: INTEGRATING NEW DATA SOURCES,  POPULATION STUDIES AND PREDICTIVE TECHNOLOGIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Репортер vs держатель регистрационного удостоверения в оценке серьезности нежелательных реакций препаратов инсулина: ретроспективный анализ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Reporter vs Marketing Authorization Holder in Seriousness Assessment of Adverse Drug Reactions for Insulin Preparations: A Retrospective Analysis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7455-8141</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ильенков</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ilyenkov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ильенков Артем Александрович</p><p>ул. Звенигородская, д. 9, Санкт-Петербург, 191119</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Artem A. Ilyenkov</p><p>9 Zvenigorodskaya St., Saint Petersburg 191119,</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a.ilyenkov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3499-4608</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Филиппова</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Philippova</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Филиппова Анастасия Владимировна, канд. мед. наук </p><p>ул. Звенигородская, д. 9, Санкт-Петербург, 191119</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasia V. Philippova, Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p><p>9 Zvenigorodskaya St., Saint Petersburg 191119</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Anastasia.Filippova@geropharm.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9420-3381</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Туев</surname><given-names>И. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tuev</surname><given-names>I. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Туев Илья Константинович </p><p>ул. Звенигородская, д. 9, Санкт-Петербург, 191119</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ilya K. Tuev</p><p>9 Zvenigorodskaya St., Saint Petersburg 191119</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Ilia.Tuev@geropharm.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4594-6097</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Драй</surname><given-names>Р. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Drai</surname><given-names>R. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Драй Роман Владимирович, канд. мед. наук</p><p>ул. Звенигородская, д. 9, Санкт-Петербург, 191119</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Roman V. Drai, Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p><p>9 Zvenigorodskaya St., Saint Petersburg 191119</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Roman.Drai@geropharm.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1412-0711</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ланцова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lantsova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ланцова Елена Викторовна, канд. мед. наук</p><p>ул. Звенигородская, д. 9, Санкт-Петербург, 191119</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena V. Lantsova, Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p><p>9 Zvenigorodskaya St., Saint Petersburg 191119</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Elena.Lantsova@geropharm.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Общество с ограниченной ответственностью «ГЕРОФАРМ»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>GEROPHARM LLC</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>31</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>20</fpage><lpage>32</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ильенков А.А., Филиппова А.В., Туев И.К., Драй Р.В., Ланцова Е.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ильенков А.А., Филиппова А.В., Туев И.К., Драй Р.В., Ланцова Е.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ilyenkov A.A., Philippova A.V., Tuev I.K., Drai R.V., Lantsova E.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.risksafety.ru/jour/article/view/527">https://www.risksafety.ru/jour/article/view/527</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>ВВЕДЕНИЕ</title><p>ВВЕДЕНИЕ. Несогласованность оценки серьезности нежелательных реакций (НР) остается актуальной проблемой фармаконадзора, в частности в отношении широко применяемых в медицинской практике биоаналогов инсулина. Это особенно важно для НР, связанных с фармакологическими эффектами инсулинов (гипо- и гипергликемия) и аллергическими реакциями, которые нередко расцениваются как серьезные при отсутствии клинического контекста. Подобная несогласованность снижает аналитическую ценность данных, приводя к накоплению недостоверной информации о безопасности лекарственного препарата.</p></sec><sec><title>ЦЕЛЬ</title><p>ЦЕЛЬ. Сравнить оценку серьезности НР препаратов инсулина (инсулин аспарт, инсулин лизпро, инсулин гларгин) репортерами и отделом фармаконадзора держателя регистрационного удостоверения, выявить пути повышения качества заполнения данных при спонтанном репортировании.</p></sec><sec><title>МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ</title><p>МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ. Проведено ретроспективное обсервационное исследование спонтанных сообщений о НР, полученных с момента регистрации лекарственных препаратов инсулин аспарт, инсулин лизпро и инсулин гларгин производства ООО «ГЕРОФАРМ» в Российской Федерации (2021–2024 гг.). В выборку включены валидные случаи развития НР, кодированные по MedDRA v.25.1. Для оценки использовали критерии серьезности, установленные руководством ICH E2A «Управление данными о клинической безопасности: определения и стандарты для ускоренной отчетности» и Правилами надлежащей практики фармаконадзора ЕАЭС. Применяли методы описательной статистики и сравнительный анализ по предпочтительным терминам MedDRA.</p></sec><sec><title>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ</title><p>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ. Зафиксированы значительные расхождения оценки: совпадение результатов оценки серьезности НР наблюдали лишь в 41,3% случаев, несоответствия – в 58,7%. В 99,6% случаев репортеры считали НР серьезными, тогда как держатель регистрационного удостоверения оценивал их как несерьезные. Наиболее частыми спорными критериями серьезности были «значимое медицинское событие» – 71,1% всех разногласий и «угроза жизни» – 25,0%. Различия в оценке серьезности в основном касались НР, связанных с фармакологическими эффектами инсулинов и реакциями гиперчувствительности. Более чем в половине случаев спонтанные сообщения содержали информацию, недостаточную для проведения медицинской оценки.</p></sec><sec><title>ВЫВОДЫ</title><p>ВЫВОДЫ. Выявленные значительные различия в оценке серьезности НР могут быть связаны с недостаточным качеством представленных данных, частым использованием субъективных критериев оценки («угроза жизни», «значимое клиническое событие») и сохраняющимся недоверием врачей к биоаналогичным лекарственным препаратам. Для повышения эффективности фармаконадзора необходимы образовательные программы и мероприятия, направленные на повышение качества репортирования о НР.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>INTRODUCTION</title><p>INTRODUCTION. Inconsistent assessment of adverse drug reaction (ADR) remains a relevant pharmacovigilance challenge, particularly regarding insulin biosimilars widely used in the medical practice. This is especially critical for ADRs associated with the pharmacological effects of insulin (hypo- and hyperglycemia) and hypersensitivity reactions, frequently classified as serious due to a lack of adequate clinical context. This discrepancy reduces analytical value of the available data and results in consequent accumulation of inaccurate safety data on a medicinal product.</p></sec><sec><title>AIM</title><p>AIM. This study aimed to identify quality improvement approaches to data provided in spontaneous reports and to compare the assessment of ADR seriousness for insulin preparations (insulin aspart, insulin lispro, and insulin glargine) performed by reporters and by pharmacovigilance department of the marketing authorization holder.</p></sec><sec><title>MATERIALS AND METHODS</title><p>MATERIALS AND METHODS. A retrospective observational study was conducted using spontaneous ADR reports submitted since the registration of insulin aspart, insulin lispro, and insulin glargine manufactured in the Russian Federation (2021–2024, GEROPHARM LLC). Valid cases were coded using MedDRA v.25.1 and then analyzed. Seriousness criteria were defined according to ICH E2A Clinical Safety Data Management: Definitions and Standards for Expedited Reporting and the EAEU Good Pharmacovigilance Practice. Descriptive statistics and comparative analysis of MedDRA Preferred Terms were applied.</p></sec><sec><title>RESULTS</title><p>RESULTS. Significant discrepancies were identified: assessments by reporters and marketing authorization holder matched only in 41.3% of cases, while 58.7% demonstrated inconsistency. In 99.6% of the latter cases, reporters classified ADRs as serious, while marketing authorization holder assigned them as non-serious. The most disputable criteria selected by reporters were Important Medical Events (71.1% of all discrepancies) and Life-Threatening Events (25.0%). Disagreements predominantly involved ADRs related to pharmacological effects of insulins and hypersensitivity reactions. More than half of the spontaneous reports contained insufficient information, limiting the accuracy of medical assessment.</p></sec><sec><title>CONCLUSIONS</title><p>CONCLUSIONS. The substantial differences in seriousness assessment may be associated with insufficient quality and completeness of the submitted data, frequent use of subjective criteria (such as Life-Threatening and Important Medical Event), and persistent skepticism about biosimilar insulin products. Improving pharmacovigilance accuracy requires educational initiatives and measures aimed at enhancing the quality of spontaneous ADR reporting.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>нежелательная реакция</kwd><kwd>серьезная нежелательная реакция</kwd><kwd>фармаконадзор</kwd><kwd>репортер</kwd><kwd>держатель регистрационного удостоверения</kwd><kwd>препараты инсулина</kwd><kwd>биоаналоги инсулина</kwd><kwd>инсулин аспарт</kwd><kwd>инсулин лизпро</kwd><kwd>инсулин гларгин</kwd><kwd>спонтанные сообщения</kwd><kwd>безопасность лекарственных препаратов</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>adverse drug reaction</kwd><kwd>serious adverse drug reaction</kwd><kwd>pharmacovigilance</kwd><kwd>reporter</kwd><kwd>marketing authorization holder</kwd><kwd>insulin products</kwd><kwd>insulin biosimilars</kwd><kwd>insulin aspart</kwd><kwd>insulin lispro</kwd><kwd>insulin glargine</kwd><kwd>spontaneous reports</kwd><kwd>drug safety</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was performed without external funding</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Журавлева МВ, Романов БК, Городецкая ГИ и др. 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