Preview

Safety and Risk of Pharmacotherapy

Advanced search

Combined oral contraceptives: evolution of the relationship benefit/risk

Abstract

Currently, more than 100 million women worldwide use combined oral contraceptives. Risk/benefit ratio of this group of drugs over the half-century history is largely changed in the direction of safety. The factors that increase the safety of this group of drugs, as well as the main risk factors are discussed.

About the Author

O. S. Alyautdina
I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University
Russian Federation


References

1. United Nations . World contraceptive use. [Internet]. 2007 [cited 30.07.2016]. Available at: http://www.un.org/esa/population/publications/contraceptive2007/contraceptive2007.htm.

2. Guttmacher Institute. Contraception in the United States [Internet]. 2013 [cited 30 Jul 2016]. Available at: http://www.guttmacher.org/pubs/fb_contr_use.html.

3. Oral contraceptives. The Economist [Internet]. 1999. [cited 30 Jul 2016]. Available at: http://www.economist.com/node/347484.

4. Speroff L; Darney P. The history of contraception. In Speroff L. and Darney P, editors. In: A clinical guide for contraception. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 2005. P. 19–35.

5. Brinhildsen J. Combined hormonal contraceptives: prescribing patterns, compliance, and benefits versus risks. Ther. Adv. in Drug Safety 2014; 5: 201–13.

6. Sitruk-Ware, R. Pharmacological profile of progestins. Maturitas 2008; 61: 151–7.

7. Stewart M, Black K. Choosing a combined oral contraceptive pill Aust Prescr. 2015; 38: 6–11.

8. Ban KA, Godellas CV. Epidemiology of breast cancer. Surg Oncol Clin ¹ Am. 2014; 23: 409–22.

9. Westhoff CL. Breast cancer risk: perception versus reality. Contraception. 1999; 59 (1 Suppl): 25–28.

10. Marchbanks PA, McDonald JA, Wilson HG, et al. Oral contraceptives and the risk of breast cancer. ¹ Engl J Med. 2002; 346: 2025–32.

11. Collaborative Group on Hormonal Factors in Breast Cancer Lancet. Breast cancer and hormonal contraceptives: collaborative reanalysis of individual data on 53 297 women with breast cancer and 100 239 women without breast cancer from 54 epidemiological studies. Lancet. 1996; 347: 1713–27.

12. Ciszewski T, £opacka-Szatan K, et al. Breast cancer risk factors. Prz Menopauzalny 2015; 14: 196–202.

13. Mansour D, Verhoeven C, Sommer, et al. Efficacy and tolerability of a monophasic combined oral contraceptive containing nomegestrol acetate and 17â-oestradiol in a 24/4 regimen, in comparison to an oral contraceptive containing ethinylestradiol and drospirenone in a 21/7 regimen. Eur J Contracept Reprod Health Care 2011; 16: 430–43.

14. Trussell J. Contraception failure in the United States. Contraception 2011; 83: 397–407.

15. Ahrendt H, Mahalova D. Bleeding pattern and cycle control with estradiol-based oral contraceptives. Contraception 2009; 804: 36–44.

16. Batucan H, Muderris I. Comparison of two oral contraceptives containing either drospirenon or ciproteron acetate in treatment of hirsutism. Ginecol. Endocrinol. 2007; 223: 38–44.

17. Bosetti C, Bravi F, Negri E. and La Vecchia C. Oral contraceptives and colorectal cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Hum Reprod Update 2009; 15: 489–98.

18. Risk of venous thromboembolism in users of non-oral contraceptives. Statement from the Faculty of Sexual and Reproductive Healthcare. London: Faculty of Sexual and Reproductive Healthcare of the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists [Internet]. 2012 [cited 01 Aug 2016]. Available at: http://www.fsrh.org/pdfs/CEUstatementVTEandCHC.pdf .

19. The FSRH statement in response to the Combined Pill Communication from the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA). London: Faculty of Sexual and Reproductive Healthcare of the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists; 2014.

20. Grimes D, Stuart G, Levi E. Screening women for oral contraception: can family history identify inherited thrombophilias? Obstet Gynecol. 2011; 120: 889–95.

21. Bukatina TM, Pasternak EYu, Romanov BK, and al. Information on the decisions of foreign regulatory authorities. Safety and Risk of Pharmacotheropy 2016; 2: 40–3 (in Russian).

22. Gillum LA, Maminipudi S. Ischemic stroke risk with oral contraceptives. A meta- analysis. JAMA 2000; 284: 72–8.


Review

For citations:


Alyautdina O.S. Combined oral contraceptives: evolution of the relationship benefit/risk. Safety and Risk of Pharmacotherapy. 2016;(4):17-22. (In Russ.)

Views: 1073


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.


ISSN 2312-7821 (Print)
ISSN 2619-1164 (Online)